ELECTRIC UTILISATION

ELECTRICAL UTILISATION

INTRODUCTION: 

                                 Trends in energy consumption - World energy scenario - Energy sources and their availability - Conventional and renewable sources - Need to develop new energy technologieS

Motor

SOLAR POWER SYSTEMS:

Solar Thermal Systems: 

                                            Principle of solar thermal power generation  Low, medium and high temperature systems.

Solar systems

Solar Photovoltaic Systems: 

                                                     Solar cells and their characteristics - Influence of insolation and temperature - PV arrays  Series and parallel connections - Synchronised Operation with grid supply - Stand alone PV systems - Charge controllers.

PhotoVoltaic Panels

WIND ENERGY SYSTEMS: 

                                                  Nature and Power in the wind - Basic principle of wind energy conversion  Blade element Theory - Components of a wind energy conversion system - Classification of WECS  Betz model - Wind Turbines  Types - Horizontal axis and vertical axis wind turbines -  Generator control - Load control.

Wind energy, (wind mills)

                                 
MISCELLANEOUS SOURCES:

 Energy From Oceans:

                                         Ocean thermal energy conversion systems - Energy from tides Ocean Waves - MHD Energy Conversions: Magneto Hydro Dynamic (MHD) power generation - Types - Fuel cells - Types - Energy from fusion Hybrid Systems: Range and type of Hybrid systems - Case studies of Diesel-PV and Wind-PV systems.

Ocean Generator

Ocean waves power generation

ELECTRIC TRACTION:

                                          Requirements of traction system - Systems of traction - Comparison of electric traction and other forms of traction - Systems of track electrification - Comparison - Types of services - Speed - Time curves - Tractive effort - Power of traction motor - Specific energy consumption - Current collection systems - Motors for traction - Starting and speed control - Electric braking.

Electric Locomotive

Electric Traction.

ELECTRIC HEATING AND WELDING:                                                      

                                Advantages of electric heating  Types of Heating - Resistance heating - Temperature control, Induction heating  induction furnace - Dielectric heating - Choice of voltage and frequencies for Dielectric heating - Resistance welding - Arc welding - Laser welding  Ultra sonic Welding

Arc welding

Electrical Heating

Laser welding

ELECTROLYSIS: 

                             plating Review of electrolytic process principles - Laws of electrolysis - Electro plating.
   

Electrolysis

ILLUMINATION:

                                Nature of light - Luminous intensity - Illumination - Brightness - Lamp efficiency - Luminous efficiency - Laws of illumination - Electrical sources of light  CFL -  Fluorescent lamp, Sodium Vapour lamp, Mercury Vapour lamp - Polar curves - Calculation of illumination - Indoor lighting - Requirements of good lighting.

Illumination

Illumination (2)

ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF UTILISATION: 

                                                        Introduction to Energy conservation and Energy auditing - Tools for Energy auditing, Case studies in Textile and Cement Industries - Tariffs - Influence of power factor - PF improvement.